An Ayurvedic Diagnosis Method Called "Nadi Pariksha"

In Ayurveda, Pinda Brhmanda Nyaya and Anshansha Kalpana are two hypotheses examined in Ayurveda. According to the Pinda Brahmanda Nyaya, whatever elements we perceive in nature are also found in the tiniest areas of the human body and vice versa. All the details contained in any creature are located in the seed of that organism in the same proportion but in minute quantities, according to Anshanshakalpana. The existence of a pulse at the angushthamula indicates that there is life. The purpose of Nadi Pariksha is to assess and estimate the amount of Tridosha in the body. The three primary doshas, Vata, Pitta, and Kapha, are considered the most important. The concept of Nadi Pariksha may be found in several ancient Ayurvedic Samhitas, including Bhavprakash, Ravansamhita's Nadi Pariksha, and Kanad's Nadivigyan. The acharya Sharangdhara popularised it in his work as a diagnostic and prognostic tool. In the first half of the third chapter, the notion of Nadi Pariksha is explained. In the first chapter, under the term "Rog Pariksha," Yogratnakara also describes Nadi Pariksha as a diagnosis. According to Yogratnakara, Nadi Pariksha (pulse examination) examinations are evidence of numerous ailments. These variables are indicative of illness diagnosis. They were once widely utilized diagnostic instruments, but they are no longer so, necessitating the necessity to re-establish their results so that you might use them in the future.

Nadi is also known as Ashura, Sira, Veena, Sphurani, Hansi, Dhamani, Jivsakshi, and Jivitadnya in Sanskrit and pulse in English. These Sanskrit synonyms reflect the functional activity of Nadi, i.e., Spura (nerve), Dhamani (artery), Sira (vein), Rasayani (lymphatic vessels, and Ligament). It denotes that the Nadi is a blood vessel-like channel that runs through the body. The phrase Nadi Pariksha refers to a pulse examination (Nadi). Nadi Pariksha, according to Ayurveda, is the foundation of Tridoshvijyana. In addition, Nadi Pariksha aids in detecting vitiated doshas in patients. Disease etiology is caused by vitiated doshas, manifested as vitiation in the blood. The contaminated blood is cleansed by Hrudya (heart). Hrudya (heart) is also the mind and body's control center. The absence of spandanas (pulsing) in Nadi, according to Acharya Charka, implies parasu (death). The Vasvrajiyamsamhita describes eight sthans for Nadi examination, one of which is karangushtamulanadi, which is the most frequently utilized Nadi (radial artery). Nadi Pariksha is performed by placing the index, middle, and ring fingers on the karangushtamula (forearm), one finger away from the angushtamula. The doshaprablya is determined by the pressure of the pulse on the finger; index: vatvahanadi, middle: pittavahanadi, and ring: kaphavahanadi.

3. When the patient is in sukhasan, Nadi Pariksha is performed on him (relax in seating position or sleeping position).

4. Nadi Pariksha is not performed shortly after eating or bathing because it depends on the person's diagnosis, and in certain conditions, the pulse may be elevated.

5. Nadi Pariksha is not conducted on hungry or thirsty people after exertion or those exposed to searing sun rays; these factors indicate vyakulanadi (weak) Bala. 

 IN MODERN MEDICINE, NADI BALA In Nadi Pariksha (pulse examination), it should be done according to rate, rhythm, volume, and character; these are referred to as the "Bala of Nadi" or "pulsation power" in Ayurveda. In the body, the Gati of Nadi is precisely proportional to doshaprablyata.

1. Gurunadi: The high blood volume or the doshas are strong.
2. Laghunadi: Laghunadi is present in Jwara, dhamnipratichay (high blood pressure), vrikkaroga (renal illnesses), vishvikara (toxicity), krodha (anger), and yakrutroga, where volume is disturbed due to any aetiology of diseases or doshas are weak as per acharyas (liver disease). 

GATI NADI As Acharya says in numerous upamas for recognizing gati of doshas or prabalya of doshas, it is adequate pressure at various degrees of touch to three fingers, i.e., each finger feels varied pressure owing to doshaprabalyata: Sarpagati-Vata Dosha: Vataprabaldosha is represented by sarpgati (serpentine movement) or jalokagati because it has the nature of chanchalta or vakragatinadi (leach movement). On the other hand, Pitta prabaldosha has the characteristics of Udreka and chapel or jumping nature; hence it is represented by Mandukagati (frog) or kakgati (crow), i.e., a frog-like jumping movement that the pulse feels on a finger. Hansagati-Kapha Dosha: Kapha prabaldosha with a sthira-like nature, i.e., Hansagati or paravatgati, i.e., Hansa (regular) walking like a pulse movement felt on the finger.  

In Sharangdhara's publications from the 14th century, we can find the first evidence of this science in its original form. The concept of Nadi Pariksha may be found in several ancient Ayurvedic Samhitas, including Bhavprakash, Ravansamhita's Nadi Pariksha, and Kanad's Nadivigyan. The acharya Sharangdhara popularised it in his work as a diagnostic and prognostic tool. In the first half of the third chapter, the notion of Nadi Pariksha is explained. In the first chapter, under the term "Rog Pariksha," Yogratnakara also describes Nadi Pariksha as a diagnosis. As a result, in the current era of information and technology, we, as Ayurvedic academics, must apply the knowledge of Nadi, which is based on the subjective knowledge and experience of the physician, to objective criteria using modern science's tools so that knowledge of Nadi reaches its pinnacle.

The phrase "Nadi Pariksha" denotes the investigation of pulse, and the absence of pulsing denotes death. The term "Nadi is a waterway within the body in the form of blood vessels, and the term "Nadi Pariksha" denotes the examination of pulse, and the absence of pulse denotes death. As depicted in fig. 1, the procedure of Nadi Pariksha entails placing the Vata (index), Pitta (middle), and Kapha (ring) fingers on the forearm, with the pressure of the pulse on all three representing disease. In Ayurveda, three types of examinations can be used to forecast disease. At first, by observing the patient's physical signs and symptoms, known as "Darshana Pariksha," then by questioning the patient's instability, known as "Prashna Pariksha," and finally, by coming into contact with the patient, known as "Sparshna Pariksha," and the pulse diagnosis, which is a part of this, that can inform about the exact location and nature of the disease. Therefore, our primary goal in this study is to present an IOT-based system for patient health monitoring and disease prediction based on pulse diagnostics.

According to Ayurveda, whatever type of component is found in nature is located in the tiniest part of the human body, and vice versa. According to Ayurveda, five elements are found in nature: earth, water, fire, air, and space, which influence the body through three doshas known as Tridosha. The Nadi Pariksha is used to determine the patient's health status and estimate the amount of Tridosha.